Diabetes - type 2

Causes

Type 2 diabetes is caused by insulin resistance, in which the body does not properly use insulin. Generally, diabetes type 2 is thought to result from a combination of genetic factors along with lifestyle factors such as obesity, high alcohol intake, and being sedentary.

Genetic mutations likely affect parts of the insulin gene and various other physiologic components involved in the regulation of blood sugar. Some rare types of diabetes are directly linked to genes.

Diabetes Secondary to Other Conditions. Conditions that damage or destroy the pancreas, such as pancreatitis (inflammation), pancreatic surgery, or certain industrial chemicals can cause diabetes. Polycystic ovaries are highly associated with diabetes. Certain drugs can also cause temporary diabetes, including corticosteroids, beta blockers, and phenytoin. Certain genetic and hormonal disorders are associated with or increase the risk of diabetes.

Highlights
Introduction
Causes
Risk Factors
Symptoms
Complications
Diagnosis
Lifestyle Changes
Treatment
Treatment of Complications
Medications
Home Management
Resources
References

Review Date: 5/5/2009
Reviewed By: Harvey Simon, MD, Editor-in-Chief, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

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