Highlights
New Guidelines for Children and Adolescents
In 2007, the American Heart Association (AHA) established new guidelines for assessing and treating high cholesterol in children and adolescents. According to the AHA’s scientific statement:
- LDL (“bad") cholesterol goals for children should be 190 mg/dL or less for children without heart disease risk factors and 160 mg/dL or less for children with heart disease risk factors.
- Children who are overweight or obese, as well as those with a family history of high cholesterol and heart disease, should get their cholesterol levels checked.
- For overweight and obese children with cholesterol imbalances, diet changes and exercise should be tried before drug treatment. For children with cholesterol imbalances who have a family history of cholesterol and heart problems, statins are the best first-line drug therapy.
Herbs and Supplements
- Garlic, whether raw or in supplement form, does not help lower LDL in patients with moderately high LDL levels, according to a 2007 Archives of Internal Medicine Study.
- Policosanol, a dietary supplement derived from sugar cane, has no effect on cholesterol, indicates a 2006 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) study.
Diet Plans
- In a 2007 JAMA comparison study of four diet plans (Atkins, Ornish, Zone, and LEARN), the low-carbohydrate Atkins diet was best at raising HDL (“good cholesterol”) levels and lowering triglyceride levels, but did not affect LDL levels. The low-fat Ornish diet was best at lowering LDL levels.
- The Mediterranean diet works better than a low-fat diet in quickly lowering cholesterol as well as blood pressure and blood sugar, suggests a 2006 Annals of Internal Medicine study.
Drug Research
In contrast to research findings released last year, rosuvastatin (Crestor) does not appear to reverse heart disease, according to a 2007 JAMA study. However, the statin drug did help slow the progression of arterial thickening.
